Homework Question on Differences between Cooperative Federalism and Dual Federalism
- Describe the differences between cooperative federalism and dual federalism as well as the four specific forces outlined by the book that alter the state/national government relationship. Give specific examples of each force and ways in which the dynamics of federalism changed. four forces:
- A. (Body Paragraph One) – Judicial Interpretation: Supreme court settles disagreements over national and state power. • McCulloch v. Maryland • Necessary and proper clause, supremacy of national government
- B. (Body Paragraph Two)Expansions of grants-in-aid. National government uses financial incentive to impact state government. • Income distribution- money from whole nation • GIA- “money paid by one level of government to another level of government to be spent for a given purpose.”
- C. (Body Paragraph Three) National crises and demands- congress can expand scope of national government • New Deal, Patriot Act.
- D. (Body Paragraph Four) Professionalization of state government • State government is more capable now than past • Attractive salaries, expert staff and legislature • Tax revenue -> large budget • Grant build capacity at state level conclusion
Homework Answer on Differences between Cooperative Federalism and Dual Federalism
There are many differences between the two sets of administration, cooperative federalism and dual federalism, culminating from the way they were formed. One of the differences is that in dual federalism, powers and responsibilities of the state and national government are separated. On the other hand, cooperative federalism has no separation between the two governments.
In addition, dual federalism dictates that the national and state government maintain their role within predetermined spheres while in cooperative federalism, spheres established brings the two governments together to work and formulate policies jointly.Thirdly, tension is mounted onto the administration system of dual state due to it horizontal sharing of power. Powers in cooperative federalism flows in a vertical manner (Differencebetween.net).
This ensures that all the participants get involved in the crucial decision-making process that affects the two sets of government. The forth difference that exist between dual and cooperative federalism is that dual has its own powers equal to those of national government and will accept national rules and powers only in situation where they encounter needs to do so. Cooperative on its side emphasizes on a close relationship between the national and state government. There are no barriers to separate powers of the two systems that act jointly in delivering services to their subjects.